Formulation, in-vitro and in-vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation of simvastatin nanostructured lipid carrier loaded transdermal drug delivery system

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Table 3 Formulation and evaluation of simvastatin NLC loaded transdermal patches (mean ± SD, n = 3)

Ingredients	ST1	ST2	ST3	ST4
Simvastatin NLC F7	Eq. to 10 mg	Eq. to 10 mg	Eq. to 10 mg	Eq. to 10 mg
Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA)	2.5 mg	5.0 mg	7.5 mg	10 mg
Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)	2.5 mg	2.5 mg	2.5 mg	2.5 mg
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)	0.015 ml	0.175 ml	0.020 ml	0.0225 ml
Propylene glycol (PG)	0.015 ml	0.175 ml	0.020 ml	0.0225 ml
Evaluation parameters–transdermal patches
Weight variation (g)	0.074 ± 0.002	0.082 ± 0.001	0.080 ± 0.003	0.076 ± 0.002
Thickness (mm)	0.94 ± 0.06	0.92 ± 0.22	0.90 ± 0.08	0.94 ± 0.10
Folding endurance	75–80	90–100	105–115	120–130
Moisture content %	0.68 ± 0.02	0.64 ± 0.04	0.52 ± 0.06	0.54 ± 0.06
Drug content %	86.54 ± 0.28	84.42 ± 0.24	82.20 ± 0.42	90.80 ± 0.54
Ex-vivo skin permeation studies 48 h	96.48 ± 2.40	97.64 ± 3.86	98.24 ± 2.58	94.54 ± 2.04
In-vitro release kinetic studies
Zero order (r²)	0.945	0.9824	0.9977	0.994
First order (r²)	0.742	0.730	0.696	0.658
Higuchi model (r²)	0.936	0.947	0.954	0.965
Hixson Crowell model (r²)	0.899	0.887	0.836	0.786
Korsmeyer Peppas model (r²)	0.980	0.976	0.961	0.941
Korsmeyer Peppas model (n)	0.702	0.752	0.711	0.803