Parameter | Sufficient (serum vitamin C > 0.6 mg/dL) | Insufficient (serum vitamin C 0.6 to 0.3 mg/dL) | Deficient (serum vitamin C < 0.3 mg/dL) |
---|---|---|---|
Glycemic control markers | |||
 Fasting blood sugar, mg/dL* | 154.2 ± 10.5 a | 181.4 ± 10.2 b | 196.4 ± 8.4 b |
 HbA1C, %* | 7.1 ± 0.2 a | 8.1 ± 0.3 b | 8.1 ± 0.2 b |
Cardiovascular risk markers | |||
 High-density lipoprotein (HDL), mg/dl* | 47.2 ± 2.6 a | 43.2 ± 2.1 ab | 37.6 ± 1.9 b |
 Triglycerides (TG), mg/dL* | 159.6 ± 2.2 a | 154.6 ± 1.5 a | 194.5 ± 6.1 b |
 Total cholesterol (TC), mg/dL* | 187.4 ± 4.4 a | 191.2 ± 2.6 a | 214.5 ± 1.94 b |
 Framingham Risk Score* | 15.4 ± 1.9 a | 17.2 ± 1.6 ab | 19.4 ± 2.1 b |
Oxidative stress marker | |||
 Malondialdehyde, μmol/L* | 0.84 ± 0.21 a | 2.15 ± 0.54 b | 2.96 ± 0.94 b |