Biochemical and histological effects of ethanolic extracts of fruits of Xylopia aethiopica and seeds and leaves of Piper guineense on liver and kidney function in male albino rats

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Table 5 Concentrations of selected haematological indices in rats administered ethanolic extracts of fruits of Xylopia aethiopica and seeds and leaves of Piper guineense

Parameters	Group 1 (normal control)	Group 2 (seeds’ extract of Piper guineense 100 mg/kg bw)	Group 3 (leaves’ extract of Piper guineense 100 mg/kg bw)	Group 4 (fruits’ extract of Xylopia aethiopica 100 mg/kg bw)
WBC (cells/mm³)	84.00 ± 4.90^a	104.55 ± 1.45^a	107.65 ± 8.45^b	93.45 ± 5.35^a
RBC (× 10¹²/L)	0.36 ± 0.05^a	0.37 ± 0.04^a	0.40 ± 0.03^a	0.37 ± 0.01^a
Hb (g/dL)	11.80 ± 0.70^a	13.20 ± 0.60^a	12.65 ± 0.15^a	13.65 ± 0.45^a
PCV (%)	35.10 ± 1.80^a	39.90 ± 1.50^a	38.30 ± 0.80^a	40.95 ± 1.35^b

Results represent mean ± standard deviation of group serum results obtained (n = 5). Means in the same row, having different letters of the alphabet, are statistically significant (p < 0.05). The result for WBC showed that the increase in group 3 is statistically significant (p < 0.05) compared to group 1 (control), while groups 2 and 4 increased non-significantly (p > 0.05). The level of PCV increased significantly in group 4 but increased non-significantly in groups 2 and 3 when compared to group 1. RBC and Hb levels increased non-significantly (p > 0.05) in all the groups compared to group 1