Table 4 Mechanism/role of mycobacterial genes responsible for resistance
Genes | Mechanism/role |
|---|---|
KatG | Catalase/peroxidase of isoniazid |
inhA | Covalent attachment of INH – NAD by enoyl reductase |
ahpC | Mutation to ahpC gene causes over production of alkyl hydroperoxide reductase |
rpoB | Crucial enzyme (RNA polymerase) in the transcriptional process |
pncA | Deamidation of nicotinamide (NAM) into nicotinate |
rpsL, rrs, gidB | S12 ribosomal protein, 16S rRNA, 7-methyl guanosine methyltransferase—inhibits protein synthesis |
embB | Polymerization of arabinogalactan |
gyrA, gyrB | Catalyses the ATP-dependent negative super-coiling of double-stranded closed-circular DNA |
rrs, tlyA | 16S rRNA, rRNA methyltransferase—ribosome biogenesis and translation |
ethA | Catalyse the terminal reaction in the fatty acid elongation cycle |
thyA | Plays a key role in the biosynthesis of thymidylate |
Rv3547 | Activation of the drug (Delamanid) |
atpE | Encodes the c part of the F0 subunit of the ATP synthase |