Table 1 Various forms, methods, and applications of nanoformulation of curcumin with hyaluronic acid
S. no. | Cur-HA nanoformulation | Description | Used for | Outcomes | Ref: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Micelles | A micella or micelle referred as an aggregate of amphiphilic surfactant molecules that spontaneously dispersed in water producing colloidal suspension. | Rheumatoid arthritis, osteosarcoma, skin, pancreatic cancer | Curcumin-hyaluronic acid loaded micelles have demonstrated expected results when applied in various conditions treatment, it proved antioxidant, anti-cancerous, and anti-inflammatory | |
2 | Nanoparticles | Nanoparticles, which are more than 1000 times smaller as compared to the average human body cell and have approximately 1-100 nm diameter. They have unique chemical, biological, and physical properties suitable for the drug delivery. | Cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer | Nanoparticles conjugated with curcumin and hyaluronic acid demonstrated better effects against tumor and cancerous cells. | [] |
3 | Liposomes | Liposomes are small spherical sac of phospholipid bilayer molecules bounding aqueous solution; make closely resembles the plasma membrane of the cell. Liposomes are specially formed artificially for the delivery of drugs and certain substances to the tissues. | Various pulmonary disorders and lung cancer | Liposomes improved the ability of curcumin to protect from oxidative stress and enhanced cell relative metabolic activity up to 120% | [46] |
4 | Pullulan | Pullulan is a maltotriose unit containing water-soluble polysaccharide polymer, chemically well known as α-1,4-;α-1,6-glucan. Naturally, pullulan is derived from the starch of the fungus Aureobasidium pullulans. | Wound healing and skin injuries | Cur-HA-SPu polymer has many advantages, like fast hemostasis ability, antimicrobial activity, maximum swelling ratio, antioxidant properties, and better cyto and hemocompatibility | [47] |
5 | Conjugates | The compound developed by the covalently joining of hyaluronic acid and curcumin that bound especially referred to as Cur-HA conjugate. Curcumin conjugation with hyaluronic acid increases its solubility and bioavailability. | Myofibroblasts in joint contracture, wound healing and skin injuries | Cur-HA-conjugate decreased oxidative damage, enhanced cell proliferation, antibacterial activities, and also improved migration of cells on scratch wounds. HA-Cur conjugate developed the effects on a molecular target for PTGER2 in the treatment of joint contracture | |
6 | Cyclodextrin | Cyclodextrins belong to the family of cyclic oligosaccharides, can be synthesized through enzymatic conversion from starch. | Cancer cells, wound infections, antibiotics | Curcumin-cyclodextrin application provides effective cytotoxicity and anti-cancer activities. One of its forms was used as a topical antibiotic for the treatment of wound infections. | |
7 | Nanogel | A nanogel is a hydrogel with crosslinked network of hydrophilic polymers. The particular composition and structure of nanogel provide a platform for curcumin storage and release. | Cancerous cells, Alzheimer’s disease | It initiated the natural death of cancer cells, by suppressing the expression of TNF-α, COX-2, and NF- κB cellular targets. Inhibition of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) aggregation for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. |