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Fig. 4 | Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Fig. 4

From: The neuroprotective attribution of Ocimum basilicum: a review on the prevention and management of neurodegenerative disorders

Fig. 4

Various therapeutic potential of O. basilicum and its bioactive compounds. Many investigations have proposed the following major protective mechanisms. a Anti-cancer potential. Bioactive compounds of O. basilicum increase the expression of pro-apoptotic signals (Bax/Bcl-2 and caspase-3), which eventually inhibits lipid peroxidation and cell death. b Neuroprotective effects of O. basilicum and its bioactive compounds also showed restoration of neuronal marker genes (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF and tyrosine hydroxylase, TH), reduction of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and inhibition of Keap1-Nrf2 binding. c Anti-oxidant potential. The inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the direct scavenging activities prevents lipid peroxidation as well as cell death. O. basilicum and its bioactive compounds elevate endogenous antioxidant (glutathione, GSH, superoxide dismutase, SOD and catalase) and subsequently ameliorate lipid and protein peroxidation-induced cell death

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