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Table 4 Brine shrimp cytotoxicity of crude root, root bark, and root tuber extracts of Acanthus polystachyus, Keetia gueinzii, and Rhynchosia elegans

From: Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical composition, antimicrobial activity, and brine shrimp cytotoxicity of different solvent extracts of Acanthus polystachyus, Keetia gueinzii, and Rhynchosia elegans

Plant species

Part used

Solvent used

Mortality per test dose

LC50 (µg/ml)

Toxicity

10 µg/ml

100 µg/ml

1000 µg/ml

Meyer’s toxicity index [41]

Clarkson’s toxicity index [44]

A. polystachyus

Roots

Acetone

0

1

50

195.17 (109.11–349.08)

Toxic

Moderately toxic

  

Distilled water

0

0

0

No death

Non-toxic

Non-toxic

  

Methanol

0

6

49

174.26 (93.37–325.23)

Toxic

Moderately toxic

K. gueinzii

Root bark

Acetone

0

0

0

No death

Non-toxic

Non-toxic

  

Distilled water

0

0

3

148,735,210.7 (2,807,216.20–7,880,462,816)

Non-toxic

Non-toxic

  

Methanol

0

0

1

1.0 × 1016 (2.0 × 1012–5.1 × 1019)

Non-toxic

Non-toxic

R. elegans

Root tuber

Acetone

0

2

50

175.77 (98.27–314.39)

Toxic

Moderately toxic

  

Distilled water

0

0

45

422.09 (199.52–893.59)

Toxic

Moderately toxic

  

Methanol

0

5

50

168.76 (94.35–301.85)

Toxic

Moderately toxic

1% DMSO

–

–

0

0

0

No death

Non-toxic

Non-toxic

Vincristine sulphate

–

–

8

31

50

45.77 (19.75–106.06)

Toxic

Highly toxic