Table 1 Phytochemical constituents compounds identified and biological activities of dichloromethane Clinacanthus nutans leaf extracts by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS)

1

Pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-methyl ester

No activity reported

C₁₇H₃₄O₂

2

Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester

Antioxidant, flavour, hypocholesterolemic, nematicide, antiandrogenic, cancer preventive

C₁₇H₃₄O₂

3

Diphenyl sulfone

Antimicrobial, Antibacterial and antifungal

(C₆H₅)₂SO₂

4

9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester

Antiinflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, cancer preventive, nematicide, hepatoprotective, insectifuge, antihistaminic, antieczemic, antiacne, antiandrogenic, antiarthritic, anticoronary

C₁₉H₃₄O₂

5

9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester

Antiinflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, cancer preventive, nematicide, hepatoprotective, insectifuge, antihistaminic, antieczemic, antiacne, antiandrogenic, antiarthritic, anticoronary

C₁₉H₃₄O₂

6

9,15-Octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester,(Z,Z)-

Hypercholesterolemic, antiarthritic, hepatoprotective, antiandrogenic, antihelmintic, antihistaminic. Antieczemic

C₁₉H₃₄O₂

7

9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester

Antiinflammatory, hypocholesterolemic and antiarthritic

C₁₉H₃₂O₂

8

9,12,15-Octadecatrien-1-ol,(Z,Z,Z)-

Antimicrobial

C₁₈H₃₂O

9

9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)

Antiinflammatory, hypocholesterolemic and antiarthritic cancer preventive, hepatoprotective, antioxidant and hypocholesterolemic

C₁₉H₃₂O₂

10

Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester

Antiinflammatory, hypocholesterolemic and antiarthritic

C₁₉H₃₈O₂

11

.gamma.-Sitosterol

Antidiabetic

C₂₉H₅₂O₂

12

Stigmasterol, 22,23-dihydro-

Antihypercholesterolemic activity, antiinflammatory, anticancer

C₂₉H₄₈O

13

.beta.-Sitosterol

Antihypercholesterolemia, anticancer

C₂₉H₅₀O

14

.beta.-Amyrin

Antinociceptive and antiinflammatory

C₃₀H₅₀O

15

.alpha.-Amyrin

Antinociceptive and antiinflammatory

C₃₀H₅₀O

16

9-Octadecenamide, (Z)-

Antiinsomnia

C₁₈H₃₅NO