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Table 1 Different drug-polymer combination with novelty described in 3D printing formulation

From: 3D printing of pharmaceuticals: approach from bench scale to commercial development

Sr. No

Active pharmaceutical ingredient

Polymer

Novelty in formulation

References

1

Fluorescein

PVA

The drug load is 0.29% with strong appearance of tablet. No drug degradation with modified release profile

[30]

2

Pramipexole

Eudragit EPO PEO

Drug release occurred within 5 min. No use of any disintegrating/filling agents

[60]

3

Theophylline

PVP

Reduce temperature and prepared IR tablet with talc

[61]

4

Pantoprazole sodium

PEG 6000 PVP K 12

Thermo-sensitive drug processed below 1000 C. Infill % lowers down to 50% help to reduce drug release up to 3 min

[62]

5

Paracetamol

PVP K12 and CCS

Oral-shaped tablet, Considering high dose prepared specially for drug release more than 90% within first 10 min

[63]

6

Paracetamol

PVA

4% drug load, different geometrical shapes are used such as pyramid, torus, cube, sphere, cylinder by keeping surface area constant

[32]

7

Hydrochlorothiazide

Eudragit E

Channeled tablet design. Increase surface area of tablet with media perforation through its structure. The shorter channels give more efficient drug release than the longer channels

[65]

8

Prednisolone

PVA

High thermal stability and neutral nature. Flexible dose ellipse-shaped tablets for drug release over the 24 h

[43]

9

Metformin

PVA

Egg-shaped tablet giving immediate drug release. Prepared as model drug for abuse deterrent formulation. It is well proven that it cannot break easily

[66]

10

Isoniazid Rifampicin

PEO

Different compartments are made so as to release drug as per its requirement. Anti-tuberculosis drug used can slower release and absorption of drug

[68]

11

Theophylline

Eudragit RL, Eudragit RS

Thermostable drug. With polymer Eudragit RL gives immediate and Eudragit RS gives extended drug release. The caplet form gives ease in the swallowing

[40]

12

Ramipril

Kollidon VA 64 Kollidon 12 PF

Drug melting point is 1090C. No degradation observed due to use of proper combination. Choice of combination becomes important so as to overcome degradation problem due to thermal heating process

[70]