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Table 1 Effect of MESI on body mass, serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, food and water ingestion, and urine production of diabetic rats

From: Sphaeranthus indicus Linn ameliorates streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetic neuropathy by targeting oxidative stress-mediated alterations

Treatment

Body mass (g)

Serum glucose (mg/dL)

Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels (%)

Food ingestion (g)

Water ingestion (mL)

Urine production (mL)

Normal non-diabetic (ND)

241.67 ± 5.58

163.13 ± 6.75

5.04 ± 0.39

22.00 ± 1.69

43.00 ± 1.45

8.00 ± 1.32

Diabetic (STZ) control

149.17 ± 3.00###

460.10 ± 5.62###

12.35 ± 0.58###

67.00 ± 3.75# # #

137.17 ± 5.15###

51.33 ± 2.25###

STZ + MESI (100)

155.17 ± 3.00ns

446.13 ± 5.64ns

12.21 ± 0.50ns

63.67 ± 1.93ns

135.00 ± 4.37ns

47.17 ± 1.99ns

STZ + MESI (200)

170.17 ± 3.00**

424.80 ± 5.62*

10.47 ± 0.47*

59.00 ± 1.65*

124.83 ± 3.23*

43.83 ± 1.83*

STZ + MESI (400)

173.17 ± 3.00***

418.8 ± 5.62**

9.61 ± 0.44**

55.67 ± 1.43**

120.50 ± 1.84**

42.50 ± 1.69**

STZ + MET (500)

175.67 ± 5.58***

333.13 ± 6.75***

9.41 ± 0.44***

48.67 ± 1.67***

87.33 ± 1.61***

36.17 ± 1.19***

  1. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6) and analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by a post hoc Tukey's multiple range test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 for MESI, and ***P < 0.001 for metformin-treated groups compared to the diabetic (STZ) control group. ###P < 0.001 for the diabetic (STZ) control group compared to the normal non-diabetic group. nsnon-significant. MESI (100), MESI (200), and MESI (400): Methanolic extract of Sphaeranthus indicus Linn (MESI) 100, 200, and 400 mg/ kg, p.o. treated rats