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Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Table 5 Analgesic effect of the investigated extracts of M. dispermus leaves and stem barks on tail immersion test

From: Phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of different extracts of leaves and stem barks of Macropanax dispermus (Araliaceae): a promising ethnomedicinal plant

Group

Pain reaction time in seconds (% MPE)

Pretreatment

30 min

60 min

90 min

120 min

Control

3.57 ± 0.43

4.69 ± 0.35 (9.77%)

4.32 ± 0.35 (6.58%)

4.65 ± 0.40 (9.42%)

4.14 ± 0.34 (5.01%)

Morphine sulfate (10 mg/kg)

3.96 ± 0.30

11.06 ± 0.35*** (64.31%)

12.52 ± 0.44*** (77.51%)

14.24 ± 0.57*** (93.15%)

14.36 ± 0.17*** (94.18%)

MDML (200 mg/kg)

3.88 ± 0.33

5.65 ± 0.22 (15.90%)

8.95 ± 0.33*** (45.62%)

10.08 ± 0.47*** (55.78%)

13.07 ± 0.42*** (82.66%)

MDML (400 mg/kg)

3.54 ± 0.46

7.95 ± 0.46*** (38.47%)

10.31 ± 0.38*** (59.10%)

13.07 ± 0.64*** (83.12%)

13.77 ± 0.50*** (89.28%)

MDHL (200 mg/kg)

3.92 ± 0.49

8.08 ± 0.52*** (37.52%)

8.77 ± 0.62*** (43.76%)

8.40 ± 0.43*** (40.44%)

7.10 ± 0.37** (28.75%)

MDHL (400 mg/kg)

3.87 ± 0.48

10.83 ± 0.59*** (62.52%)

10.98 ± 0.58*** (63.89%)

12.01 ± 0.73*** (73.12%)

8.48 ± 0.31*** (41.47%)

MDTL (200 mg/kg)

3.75 ± 0.22

5.57 ± 0.23 (16.14%)

7.59 ± 0.22** (34.13%)

9.83 ± 0.68*** (54.03%)

6.83 ± 0.32** (27.41%)

MDTL (400 mg/kg)

4.19 ± 0.25

7.99 ± 0.55*** (35.13%)

9.88 ± 0.52*** (52.63%)

12.15 ± 0.83*** (73.66%)

8.83 ± 0.53*** (42.93%)

MDCL (200 mg/kg)

3.86 ± 0.17

5.25 ± 0.30 (12.51%)

6.94 ± 0.66* (27.66%)

8.18 ± 0.30** (38.77%)

7.72 ± 0.53*** (34.69%)

MDCL (400 mg/kg)

4.34 ± 0.24

6.12 ± 0.20 (16.77%)

8.65 ± 0.59*** (40.49%)

10.09 ± 0.79*** (53.94%)

9.31 ± 0.32*** (46.62%)

MDEL (200 mg/kg)

3.88 ± 0.30

5.24 ± 0.24 (12.28%)

7.28 ± 0.20** (30.57%)

7.31 ± 0.38* (30.88%)

7.99 ± 0.37*** (37.04%)

MDEL (400 mg/kg)

4.63 ± 0.30

8.06 ± 0.44*** (33.05%)

9.15 ± 0.63*** (43.6%)

9.87 ± 0.40*** (50.55%)

10.43 ± 0.28*** (55.95%)

MDAL (200 mg/kg)

3.38 ± 0.80

5.72 ± 0.36 (20.12%)

9.62 ± 0.44*** (53.73%)

10.89 ± 0.39*** (64.62%)

12.62 ± 0.90*** (78.49%)

MDAL (400 mg/kg)

3.42 ± 0.18

6.71 ± 0.35** (28.42%)

11.03 ± 0.72*** (65.76%)

13.58 ± 0.43*** (87.71%)

13.79 ± 0.72*** (89.52%)

MDMS (200 mg/kg)

4.09 ± 0.38

6.43 ± 0.34 (21.43%)

8.77 ± 0.82*** (42.85%)

7.06 ± 0.63* (27.21%)

11.80 ± 0.55*** (70.65%)

MDMS (400 mg/kg)

4.09 ± 0.25

9.11 ± 0.44*** (45.95%)

10.89 ± 0.62*** (62.26%)

11.27 ± 0.61*** (65.79%)

13.88 ± 0.75*** (89.69%)

  1. The results were expressed in Mean ± SEM (standard mean error) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 were considered as statistically significant. The statistical analysis followed by one-way analysis of variance (Dunnett's test) compared to the control. MDML = Crude methanol extract of M. dispermus leaves, MDHL = n-hexane fraction of crude methanol extract of M. dispermus leaves, MDTL = Carbon tetrachloride fraction of crude methanol extract of M. dispermus leaves, MDCL = Chloroform fraction of crude methanol extract of M. dispermus leaves, MDEL = Ethyl acetate fraction of crude methanol extract of M. dispermus leaves, MDAL = Aqueous fraction of crude methanol extract of M. dispermus leaves, MDMS = Crude methanol extract of M. dispermus stem barks
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