From: Skin cancer therapeutics: nano-drug delivery vectors—present and beyond
Type of cancer | Type of surgery | Medicines applied topically | Medicines given orally | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|
Basal cell carcinoma | Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) | Imiquimod, Ingenol mebutate | Vismodegib | Radiation therapy, PDT |
Squamous cell carcinoma | Standard excision, Mohs micrographic surgery, Curettage and electrodesiccation, Cryosurgery | Imiquimoid, Diclofenac gel (3%), 5-Fluorouracil, Cetuximab | – | PDT Radiotherapy |
Melanoma | Surgical excision, sentinel lymph node biopsy | Imiquimod | BRAF kinase Inhibitors-vemurafenib and dabrafenib, encorfenib; NRAS Inhibitors- Binimetinib; cKIT Inhibitors- imitinib and nilotinib and MEK Inhibitors—trametinib and cobimetinib. Immunotherapies for melanoma include Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte Antigen 4 Inhibitors—Ipilimumab; Programmed Cell Death Receptor 1 Inhibitors—Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab and anti-PDL1 (programmed death ligand 1)-Atezolizumab. If these fail Temozolomide and Dacarbazine | Radiation therapy |