Table 5 Antimicrobial activity, functional group and basic nucleus/structure of some selected phytochemicals in mango
Phytochemical | Chemical name | Basic chemical nucleus/structure | Functional group | Main antimicrobial effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mangiferin (present in almost all parts of mango) | Xanthone glucoside | 2-C-β-D-gluco-pyranosyl-1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone
| Highly reactive –OH group | Antiviral Antifungal Antimalarial Antibacterial |
Tannins (present mainly in leaves, bark and seed kernel) | Gallotanins Ellagitannins, etc. |
| phenolic hydroxyl groups | Antibacterial |
Flavonoid (present mainly in flower, fruit and leaf) | Benzo-Ï“-pyrone derivatives |
| hydroxyl groups Methoxy groups double bond | Antiviral |
Alkaloids (in leaf, stem bark, kernel and root) | Quinines Quinolines, etc. |
| Basic nitrogen atom Amine groups | Antimalarial Antibacterial |
