Fig. 3
From: Autoregulation: mediators and renin–angiotensin system in diseases and treatments
How drugs alter renal perfusion, especially if co-administrated. Prostaglandins (PGs) cover the endothelium of afferent arteriole causing its vasodilation, while angiotensin-2 (Ang II) binds to angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) located in the efferent arteriole resulting in vasoconstriction. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) [86, 87]. Figure created with biorender.com