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Table 21 Effect of Smilax china on reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in the rat brain

From: Neuroprotective action of Smilax china ethanolic bark extract in treatment of a prominent aging disorder: Parkinson’s disease induced by rotenone

Treatment groups

GSH (nM/mg of protein)

CAT (μmoles of H2O2 used/min/mg protein)

SOD (units/mg protein)

MDA (nM/mg of protein))

Group-1 (Control)

4.391 ± 0.0781

5.38 ± 0.31

3.182 ± 0.194

4.375 ± 0.065

Group-2 (Induction)

3.886 ± 0.021a

3.08 ± 0.23a

2.05 ± 0.104a

3.978 ± 0.018a

Group-3 (Standard)

7.124 ± 0.7114*

6.25 ± 0.31*

8.42 ± 0.820*

7.025 ± 0.701*

Group-4 (Treatment-I)

5.681 ± 0.1412*

4.75 ± 0.24*

4.43 ± 0.01*

5.606 ± 0.142*

Group-5 (Treatment-II)

6.456 ± 0.0381*

6.23 ± 5.23*

5.44 ± 0.01*

6.486 ± 0.040*

  1. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM; n = 6. One-way ANOVA; Tukey–Kramer multiple comparison tests: ap < 0.001 in comparison with normal control; *p < 0.001 in comparison with the Induction group. Biochemical markers were significantly reduced in the induction group whereas were found to be statistically improved in treated groups