Fig. 3

A Effects of Gloriosa superba rhizome and Gloriosa superba rhizome extract mediated titanium dioxide nanoparticles on intracellular ROS generation in treated MCF-7 cells, shown as follows: (a) nanotitania catalyst-treated cells, (b) rhizome extract, (c) control cells, B anticancer activity of CuO NPs synthesized from S. alternifolium stem bark extract, C Relative mRNA expression percentages following treatment of MCF7 cells with Z. mauritiana fruit extract-mediated Ag/AgCl NPs. A dashed line denotes an expression level of 1.0, D Pt NPs containing P. granatum stained by propidium iodide (a) control; (b) IC₅₀ molarity (25 µg/mL); (c) maximum molarity (100 µg/mL). (A: under copyright (CC BY) from Taylor and Francis, B: under copyright (CC BY) from Springer, C: under copyright (CC BY) from ACS publication, and D: under copyright (CC BY) from Elsevier)