Toxicological evaluations of betulinic acid and ursolic acid; common constituents of Houttuynia cordata used as an anthelmintic by the Naga tribes in North-east India

Mishra, Vijaya; Soren, Amar Deep; Yadav, Arun Kumar

doi:10.1186/s43094-020-00173-4

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Table 3 Effects of sub-acute oral administration of BA and APAP on ROW of Wistar rats (n = 5/sex)

From: Toxicological evaluations of betulinic acid and ursolic acid; common constituents of Houttuynia cordata used as an anthelmintic by the Naga tribes in North-east India

Organ	G-I Control	G-II BA 1 mg/kg	G-III BA 5 mg/kg	G-IV BA 10 mg/kg	G-V APAP 50 mg/kg	Satellite groups
Organ	G-I Control	G-II BA 1 mg/kg	G-III BA 5 mg/kg	G-IV BA 10 mg/kg	G-V APAP 50 mg/kg	G-VI Control	G-VII BA 10 mg/kg	G-VIII APAP 50 mg/kg
Female
Heart	0.49 ± 0.05	0.49 ± 0.04	0.64 ± 0.06	0.62 ± 0.06	0.61 ± 0.03^c	0.63 ± 0.07	0.65 ± 0.02	0.53 ± 0.04
Liver	5.69 ± 0.38	5.96 ± 0.56	5.44 ± 0.49	5.02 ± 0.30^a	6.82 ± 0.83^c	5.92 ± 0.06	6.38 ± 0.25	5.11 ± 0.60
Brain	1.03 ± 0.01	0.02 ± 0.00	1.05 ± 0.02	1.02 ± 0.01	1.00 ± 0.00	1.02 ± 0.01	1.04 ± 0.02	1.02 ± 0.05
Spleen	0.43 ± 0.05	0.40 ± 0.03	0.47 ± 0.05	0.35 ± 0.02^b	0.67 ± 0.04^c	0.48 ± 0.04	0.51 ± 0.05	0.52 ± 0.02
Adrenal	0.02 ± 0.00	0.03 ± 0.00	0.02 ± 0.00	0.02 ± 0.00	0.03 ± 0.00	0.03 ± 0.00	0.02 ± 0.00	0.03 ± 0.00
Kidney (L)	0.53 ± 0.03	0.54 ± 0.06	0.65 ± 0.02	0.59 ± 0.04	0.45 ± 0.02	0.57 ± 0.63	0.58 ± 0.04	0.49 ± 0.02
Kidney (R)	0.58 ± 0.01	0.53 ± 0.06	0.55 ± 0.04	0.60 ± 0.09	0.49 ± 0.02	0.74 ± 0.02	0.69 ± 0.02	0.51 ± 0.00
Ovary	0.06 ± 0.00	0.07 ± 0.00	0.07 ± 0.00	0.06 ± 0.00	0.06 ± 0.00	0.06 ± 0.00	0.06 ± 0.00	0.06 ± 0.00
Male
Heart	0.54 ± 0.06	0.52 ± 0.08	0.76 ± 0.07	0.65 ± 0.10	0.69 ± 0.05	0.66 ± 0.08	0.72 ± 0.22	0.60 ± 0.06
Liver	5.72 ± 0.34	6.13 ± 0.42	6.38 ± 0.58	5.46 ± 0.22^b	6.76 ± 1.02	6.25 ± 0.43	6.86 ± 0.19	6.12 ± 0.56
Brain	1.03 ± 0.01	1.02 ± 0.01	1.05 ± 0.01	1.03 ± 0.01	1.01 ± 0.00	1.03 ± 0.03	1.10 ± 0.07	1.05 ± 0.05
Spleen	0.45 ± 0.03	0.43 ± 0.03	0.56 ± 0.06	0.35 ± 0.05^b	0.67 ± 0.04^c	0.53 ± 0.05	0.55 ± 0.03	0.61 ± 0.01
Adrenal	0.02 ± 0.00	0.02 ± 0.00	0.02 ± 0.00	0.03 ± 0.00	0.03 ± 0.00	0.02 ± 0.00	0.02 ± 0.00	0.02 ± 0.00
Kidney (L)	0.49 ± 0.02	0.53 ± 0.03	0.70 ± 0.03	0.65 ± 0.07	0.54 ± 0.02	0.64 ± 0.05	0.60 ± 0.03	0.56 ± 0.31
Kidney (R)	0.52 ± 0.02	0.50 ± 0.07	0.61 ± 0.07	0.60 ± 0.08	0.60 ± 0.02	0.76 ± 0.03	0.69 ± 0.02	0.54 ± 0.02
Testis (L)	1.07 ± 0.04	1.07 ± 0.02	1.06 ± 0.04	1.08 ± 0.04	1.00 ± 0.04	1.07 ± 0.03	1.07 ± 0.01	1.05 ± 0.00
Testis (R)	0.83 ± 0.26	0.78 ± 0.18	0.62 ± 0.28	0.62 ± 0.15	0.72 ± 0.21	0.81 ± 0.28	0.71 ± 0.12	0.68 ± 0.18

Data are expressed as mean ± SEM; treatment: G-II to G-IV = 4 weeks, G-V to G-VI = 6 weeks. All data are statistically insignificant, one-way ANOVA. L—left, R—right

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